October 5

October 5 is the 278th day of the year (279th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 87 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 610 – Coronation of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius
• 869 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople.
• 1143 – The king Alfonso VII of Leon recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.
• 1550 – Foundation of Concepción, city in Chile.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1665 – The University of Kiel is founded.
• 1789 – French Revolution: Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the King and his court moved to Paris.
• 1793 – French Revolution: Christianity is disestablished in France.
• 1857 – The City of Anaheim is founded.
• 1864 – The Indian city of Calcutta is almost totally destroyed by a cyclone; 60,000 die.
• 1869 – A strong hurricane devastates the Bay of Fundy region of Maritime Canada. The storm had been predicted over a year before by a British naval officer.
• 1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to General Nelson A. Miles.
• 1895 – The first individual time trial for racing cyclists is held on a 50-mile course north of London.
• 1903 – Sir Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief Justice of Australia and Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor are appointed as foundation justices.
• 1904 – Alpha Kappa Psi is founded on the campus of New York University
• 1905 – Wilbur Wright pilots Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record that stood until 1908.
• 1910 – Revolution in Portugal, monarchy overthrown, a republic declared .
• 1914 – World War I first aerial combat resulting in a kill.
• 1915 – Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers.
• 1921 – Baseball: The World Series is broadcast on the radio for the first time.
• 1930 – British Airship R101 crashed in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage.
• 1936 – The Jarrow March sets off for London.
• 1944 – Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France.
• 1944 – Suffrage is extended to women in France.
• 1945 – Hollywood Black Friday: A six month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Brothers' studios.
• 1947 – The first televised White House address is given by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
• 1948 – The 1948 Ashgabat earthquake kills 110,000.
• 1953 – The first documented recovery meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held.
• 1966 – Near Detroit, Michigan, there is a partial core meltdown at the Enrico Fermi demonstration nuclear breeder reactor.
• 1968 – Police baton civil rights demonstrators in Derry, Northern Ireland – considered to mark the beginning of The Troubles.
• 1969 – The first episode of the famous comedy show Monty Python's Flying Circus aired on BBC.
• 1970 – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.
• 1970 – Montreal, Quebec: British Trade Commissioner James Cross is kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.
• 1973 – Signature of the European Patent Convention.
• 1974 – Guildford pub bombings: bombs planted by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) kill four British soldiers and one civilian.
• 1981 – Raoul Wallenberg becomes an honorary U.S. citizen.
• 1984 – Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space, aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.
• 1986 – Israeli secret nuclear weapons are revealed. The British newspaper The Sunday Times ran Mordechai Vanunu's story on its front page under the headline: "Revealed — the secrets of Israel's nuclear arsenal."
• 1988 – The Chilean opposition coalition Concertación (center-left) defeat Augusto Pinochet in his re-election intentions. Next year a general election is called.
• 1990 – After one hundred and fifty years The Herald broadsheet newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper.
• 1991 – An Indonesian military transport crashes after takeoff from Jakarta killing 137.
• 1991 – The first official version of the Linux kernel, version 0.02, is released.
• 1999 – The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people.
• 2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević. These demonstrations are often called the Bulldozer Revolution.
• 2001 – Robert Stevens becomes the first victim in the 2001 anthrax attacks.

Births

• 1338 – Alexios III, Emperor of Trebizond (d. 1390)
• 1520 – Alessandro Farnese, Italian cardinal (d. 1589)
• 1641 – Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, French mistress of King Louis XIV of France (d. 1707)
• 1658 – Mary of Modena, queen of James II of England (d. 1718)
• 1695 – John Glas, Scottish minister (d. 1773)
• 1703 – Jonathan Edwards, American minister (d. 1758)
• 1712 – Francesco Guardi, Italian painter (d. 1793)
• 1713 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher and encylopedist (d. 1784)
• 1715 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (d. 1789)
• 1717 – Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux, French mistress of King Louis XV of France (d. 1744)
• 1781 – Bernard Bolzano, Czech mathematician and philosopher (d. 1848)
• 1792 – Joseph Crosfield, English soap and alkali manufacturer (d. 1844)
• 1795 – Alexander Keith, Scottish-born Canadian brewer (d. 1873)
• 1820 – David Wilber, American politician (d. 1890)
• 1824 – Henry Chadwick, English-born American baseball writer and statistician (d. 1908)
• 1829 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886)
• 1844 – Francis William Reitz, State President of the Orange Free State (d. 1934)
• 1848 – Guido von List, German writer (d. 1919)
• 1850 – Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician, and President of the First Imperial Duma (d. 1910)
• 1857 – Peadar Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish Language writer (d. 1942)
• 1864 – Louis Lumière, French film pioneer (d. 1948)
• 1878 – Louise Dresser, American actress (d. 1965)
• 1879 – Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1970)
• 1882 – Robert Goddard, American rocket scientist (d. 1945)
• 1887 – René Cassin, French jurist and Nobel laureate (d. 1976)
• 1889 – Teresa de la Parra, Venezuelan writer (d. 1936)
• 1892 – Remington Kellogg, American naturalist (d. 1969)
• 1894 – Bevil Rudd, South African athlete (d. 1948)
• 1899 – Georg, Duke of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1963)
• 1901 – John Alton, American cinematographer (d. 1996)
• 1902 – Larry Fine, American actor and comedian (d. 1975)
• 1902 – Ray Kroc, American fast food entrepreneur (d. 1984)
• 1903 – M. King Hubbert, American geophysicist (d. 1989)
• 1904 – John Hoyt, American film and television actor (d. 1991)
• 1905 – Harriet E. MacGibbon, American actress (d. 1987)
• 1907 – Mrs. Miller, American singer (d. 1997)
• 1908 – Joshua Logan, American film director and writer (d. 1988)
• 1909 – Tony Malinosky, American baseball player
• 1911 – Flann O'Brien, Irish humorist (d. 1966)
• 1911 – Pierre Dansereau, Canadian ecologist
• 1912 – Fritz Fischer, Nazi war criminal (d. 2003)
• 1913 – Eugene Bennett Fluckey American Navy Submariner (d. 2007)
• 1916 – Stetson Kennedy, American writer
• 1917 – Allen Ludden, American television game show host (d. 1981)
• 1919 – Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995)
• 1921 – Bill Willis, American football player (d. 2007)
• 1922 – José Froilán González, Argentine race car driver
• 1922 – Bil Keane, American cartoonist
• 1922 – Jock Stein, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 1985)
• 1923 – Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic footballer (d. 1994)
• 1923 – Philip Berrigan, American peace activist (d. 2002)
• 1923 – Glynis Johns, British actress
• 1923 – Bill Wirtz, longtime Chicago Blackhawks owner (d. 2007)
• 1923 – Stig Dagerman, Swedish writer (d. 1954)
• 1924 – Bill Dana, American actor
• 1924 – Barbara Kelly, Canadian-born actress (d. 2007)
• 1924 – José Donoso, Chilean writer (d. 1996)
• 1925 – Gail Davis, American actress (d. 1997)
• 1925 – Bob Thaves, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Willi Unsoeld, American climber (d. 1979)
• 1928 – Louise Fitzhugh, American author (d. 1974)
• 1929 – Fred Feast, English actor (d. 1999)
• 1929 – Richard F. Gordon, Jr., American astronaut
• 1930 – Anne Haddy, Australian actress (d. 1999)
• 1930 – Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2009)
• 1930 – Reinhard Selten, German economist, Nobel laureate
• 1932 – Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist (d. 2006)
• 1933 – Diane Cilento, Australian actress
• 1934 – Angelo Buono, Jr., American serial killer (d. 2002)
• 1935 – Arlene Saunders, American soprano
• 1936 – Václav Havel, President of the Czech Republic
• 1937 – Barry Switzer, American football coach
• 1938 – Teresa Heinz Kerry, American philanthropist
• 1939 – Marie Laforêt, French singer and actress
• 1939 – Marie-Claire Blais, French Canadian author and playwright
• 1939 – Consuelo Ynares-Santiago, Filipino Supreme Court jurist
• 1939 – Walter Wolf, Slovenian-born Canadian industrialist
• 1940 – Milena Dravić, Serbian actress
• 1940 – John Byrne Cooke, American novelist and photographer; son of Alistair Cooke
• 1940 – Thom Christopher, American actor
• 1941 – Eduardo Duhalde, President of Argentina
• 1942 – Richard Street, American singer (The Temptations)
• 1943 – Steve Miller, American musician (Steve Miller Band)
• 1943 – Ben Cardin, American politician, junior senator of Maryland
• 1945 – Brian Connolly, Scottish singer (Sweet) (d. 1997)
• 1945 – Geoff Leigh, English musician (Henry Cow)
• 1946 – Zahida Hina, Pakistani columnist
• 1946 – Jean Perron, Canadian ice hockey coach
• 1947 – Brian Johnson, English singer (AC/DC)
• 1948 – Tawl Ross, American musician (P Funk)
• 1948 – Zoran Živković, Serbian writer
• 1949 – Ralph Goodale, Canadian politician
• 1949 – Bill James, American baseball writer
• 1949 – B. W. Stevenson, American singer (d. 1988)
• 1950 – Eddie Clarke, English guitarist (Motörhead, Fastway)
• 1950 – Jeff Conaway, American actor
• 1950 – Edward P. Jones, American writer
• 1951 – Karen Allen, American actress
• 1951 – Bob Geldof, Irish singer (The Boomtown Rats) and activist
• 1952 – Clive Barker, English writer
• 1952 – Duncan Regehr, Canadian actor
• 1952 – Gigi Sabani, Italian TV host (d. 2007)
• 1955 – Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter
• 1955 – Caroline Loeb, French singer and actress
• 1955 – Ángela Molina, Spanish actress
• 1957 – Mark Geragos, American attorney
• 1957 – Lee Thompson, English saxophonist (Madness), vocalist
• 1957 – Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (d. 2008)
• 1958 – Neil DeGrasse Tyson, American Astrophysicist
• 1958 – André Kuipers, Dutch astronaut
• 1959 – Maya Lin, American sculptor/architect
• 1960 – Daniel Baldwin, American actor
• 1960 – Careca, Brazilian footballer
• 1960 – Evangelia Tzampazi, Greek politician
• 1961 – Sharon Cheslow, American musician, composer and artist
• 1961 – Matthew Kauffman, American journalist and George Polk Award winner
• 1961 – David Kirk, New Zealand rugby union footballer
• 1962 – Michael Andretti, American race car driver
• 1962 – Thomas Herbst, German footballer
• 1962 – Caron Keating, British television personality (d. 2004)
• 1963 – Laura Davies, English golfer
• 1964 – Keiji Fujiwara, Japanese voice actor
• 1964 – Malik Saidullaev Chechen businessman
• 1964 – Warren E. Miller, Maryland politician
• 1965 – Trace Armstrong, American football player
• 1965 – Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1965 – Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1966 – Jan Verhaas, Dutch snooker referee
• 1966 – Dennis Byrd, American football player
• 1967 – Rex Chapman, American basketball player
• 1967 – Guy Pearce, Anglo-Australian actor
• 1970 – Josie Bissett, American actress
• 1970 – Audie Pitre, bass guitarist (d. 1996)
• 1971 – South Park Mexican, American rapper
• 1971 – Mauricio Pellegrino, Argentine former footballer
• 1971 – Samuel Vincent, Canadian voice actor
• 1972 – Grant Hill, American basketball player
• 1972 – Thomas Roberts, American news anchor
• 1972 – Aaron Guiel, Canadian baseball outfielder
• 1974 – Heather Headley, Trinidadian singer
• 1974 – Rich Franklin, American Mixed Martial Artist
• 1974 – Colin Meloy, American singer (The Decemberists)
• 1975 – Bobo Baldé, Guinean footballer
• 1975 – Parminder Nagra, English actress
• 1975 – Kate Winslet, English actress
• 1975 – Carson Ellis, American artist
• 1975 – Scott Weinger American actor
• 1976 – Song Seung-hun, South Korean actor
• 1976 – Ramzan Kadyrov, Chechen President
• 1976 – J. J. Yeley, American race car driver
• 1978 – Shane Ryan, Irish Gaelic footballer
• 1978 – Jesse Palmer, Canadian-born American football player
• 1978 – Morgan Webb, Canadian-born television presenter
• 1978 – James Valentine, American musician (Maroon 5)
• 1979 – Jaime Chambers, American television reporter
• 1979 – Vincenzo Grella, Australian footballer
• 1979 – Michalis Hatzigiannis, Greek-Cypriot singer-songwriter
• 1979 – Curtis Sanford, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1980 – James Toseland, British motorcycle racer
• 1981 – Kelvin Tan Wei Lian, Singaporean singer
• 1982 – Steve Williams, Australian-born German rugby player
• 1983 – Jesse Eisenberg, American actor
• 1983 – Mashrafe Mortaza, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1983 – Nicky Hilton, American heiress
• 1983 – Noot Seear, Canadian fashion model and actress
• 1984 – Tiana Benjamin, British actress
• 1984 – Kenwyne Jones, Trinidadian footballer
• 1985 – Nicola Roberts, English singer (Girls Aloud)
• 1987 – Kevin Mirallas, Belgian footballer
• 1987 – Javier Villa, Spanish racing driver
• 1988 – Bahar Kızıl, German Singer (Monrose)
• 1988 – Bobby Edner, American Actor, Singer (Varsity Fanclub)

Deaths

• 578 – Justin II, Byzantine Emperor
• 1056 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)
• 1112 – Sigebert of Gembloux, French chronicler
• 1214 – King Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1155)
• 1285 – King Philip III of France (b. 1245)
• 1528 – Richard Foxe, English churchman
• 1540 – Helius Eobanus Hessus, German poet (b. 1488)
• 1564 – Pierre de Manchicourt, Flemish composer
• 1565 – Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (b. 1522)
• 1606 – Philippe Desportes, French poet (b. 1546)
• 1714 – Kaibara Ekiken, Japanese philosopher (b. 1630)
• 1740 – Johann Philipp Baratier, German scholar (b. 1721)
• 1777 – Ján Andrej Segner, Slovak and German mathematician, physicist, and physician (b. 1704)
• 1791 – Grigori Potemkin, Russian statesman (b. 1739)
• 1805 – Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, British general (b. 1738)
• 1813 – Tecumseh, Shawnee leader (b. 1768)
• 1848 – Joseph Hormayr Freiherr zu Hortenburg, Austrian politician (b. 1781)
• 1861 – Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish bishop (b. 1778)
• 1880 – Jacques Offenbach, German-born composer (b. 1819)
• 1895 – Ralph Tollemache, British clergyman (b. 1826)
• 1913 – Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856)
• 1918 – Roland Garros, French pilot (b. 1888)
• 1930 – Christopher Birdwood Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, British military officer (b. 1875)
• 1933 – Renée Adorée, French actress (b. 1898)
• 1933 – Nikolai Nikolaevich Yudenich, Russian general (b. 1862)
• 1936 – J. Slauerhoff, Dutch poet and novelist (tuberculosis) (b. 1898)
• 1938 – Saint Faustina, Polish saint (b. 1905)
• 1940 – Ballington Booth, Salvation Army Officer and co-founder of Volunteers of America (b. 1857)
• 1940 – Lincoln Loy McCandless, American cattle rancher (b. 1859)
• 1940 – Silvestre Revueltas, Mexican musician (b. 1889)
• 1941 – Louis Dembitz Brandeis, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1856)
• 1943 – Leon Roppolo, American musician (b. 1902)
• 1950 – Frederic Lewy, German neurologist (b. 1885)
• 1952 – Joe Jagersberger, Austrian racing driver (b. 1884)
• 1975 – Lady Constance Malleson, British actor and writer (b. 1895)
• 1976 – Lars Onsager, Norwegian chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1903)
• 1976 – Barbara Nichols, American actress (b. 1929)
• 1981 – Gloria Grahame, American actress (b. 1923)
• 1983 – Earl Tupper, American inventor (b. 1907)
• 1983 – Humberto Mauro, Brazilian film director and screenwriter (b. 1897)
• 1986 – Hal B. Wallis, American film producer (b. 1898)
• 1986 – James H. Wilkinson, English mathematician (b. 1919)
• 1986 – Mike Burgmann, Australian racing driver (b. 1947)
• 1992 – Eddie Kendricks, American singer (The Temptations) (b. 1939)
• 1993 – Jim Holton, Scottish footballer (b. 1951)
• 1995 – Linda Gary, American voice actress (b. 1944)
• 1996 – Seymour Cray, American computer pioneer (b. 1925)
• 1997 – Brian Pillman, American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
• 2000 – Cătălin Hîldan, Romanian footballer (b. 1976)
• 2001 – Mike Mansfield, American politician (b. 1903)
• 2002 – Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
• 2003 – Denis Quilley, English actor (b. 1927)
• 2003 – Dan Snyder, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1978)
• 2003 – Timothy Treadwell, American bear enthusiast featured in Grizzly Man (b. 1957)
• 2004 – Rodney Dangerfield, American comedian (b. 1921)
• 2004 – Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1916)
• 2004 – William H. Dobelle, American biomedical engineer, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine nominee (b. 1941)
• 2006 – Jennifer Moss, English actress (b. 1945)
• 2006 – Antonio Peña, Mexican founder of lucha libre promotion AAA (b. 1953)
• 2007 – Justin Tuveri, Italian veteran of the First World War (b. 1898)
• 2009 – Mike Alexander (musician), English bassist for Thrash Metal group Evile (b. 1977)

Holidays and observances

• Armed Forces Day (Indonesia)
• Christian Feast Day
  • Faustyna Kowalska
  • Blessed Francis Xavier Seelos (Roman Catholic Church)
  • Thraseas
  • Hor and Susia (Coptic Church)
  • Placid and Maurus
• One of the three Mundus patet (Roman Empire)
• Republic Day (Portugal)
• World Teachers' Day (International)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada